Forces
Varying the amount of force or mass will affect the motion, shape, and orientation of an object.
Effects of forces
A force can be described as a push or pull on an object. Forces are measured in Newtons (N).
Forces are measured by Vectors that include two properties: Magnitude (Strength) and Direction. The longer the vector, the more force it represents. The direction the vector (arrow) is pointing represents the direction the force is being applied, it can be pushing or pulling on an object.
MOTION
If force is applied in the same direction that an object is moving, then the object will travel faster in that direction. Objects can be slowed down or change directions depending on the direction and amount of force applied to the object.
EX. Applying more force to the brakes of a car will make the car slow down much sooner.
EX. Applying more force to hit a baseball that is thrown will cause the ball to travel in a different direction.
SHAPE
A change in shape depends on the magnitude of the force that is acting on an object.
EX. Two cars that collide at a lower speed will not have as much damage as two cars that collide at a faster speed.
ORIENTATION
Refers to the relative position of an object. A force can cause an object's orientation to change.
EX. Two cars that collide at a faster rate will have more change in their orientation.
Effects of mass
Mass: amount of matter in an object
MOTION
The more mass an object has, the harder it is to change it's motion. An object with less mass will accelerate faster than an object with more mass. In order to slow down or stop a heavier (more massive) object, more force must be applied than for a smaller object.
EX. Think about throwing a baseball and a bowling ball with the same amount of force. The baseball has less mass so it will travel faster than the bowling ball.
MOTION
The more mass an object has, the harder it is to change it's motion. An object with less mass will accelerate faster than an object with more mass. In order to slow down or stop a heavier (more massive) object, more force must be applied than for a smaller object.
EX. Think about throwing a baseball and a bowling ball with the same amount of force. The baseball has less mass so it will travel faster than the bowling ball.
SHAPE
A change in the shape of an object depends on the mass of the objects colliding.
EX. A heavier car that collides with a smaller car-The smaller car will change shape more than the heavier car.
ORIENTATION
A change in orientation can occur when a heavier object collides with a lighter object.
EX. If a heavier car collides with a lighter car, the lighter car will have a more noticeable change in orientation.
A change in the shape of an object depends on the mass of the objects colliding.
EX. A heavier car that collides with a smaller car-The smaller car will change shape more than the heavier car.
ORIENTATION
A change in orientation can occur when a heavier object collides with a lighter object.
EX. If a heavier car collides with a lighter car, the lighter car will have a more noticeable change in orientation.